See turnover on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "apple turnover"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Mexican turnover"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "turnover bridge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "turnover on downs"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"turn over",
"turn over#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":deverbal",
"3": "turn over",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#deverbal|Deverbal]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"turn over\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"deverbal\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"turnover\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"turnover\">\nDeverbal from turn over.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Deverbal from turn over.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "turnovers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "turnover (countable and uncountable, plural turnovers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "overturn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "turnaround"
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"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
26,
34
]
],
"text": "The company had an annual turnover of $500,000.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
39,
47
]
],
"ref": "2017 August, “THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC VALUE OF EPOXY RESINS”, in Epoxy Resin Committee, archived from the original on 14 Apr 2021, page 3:",
"text": "Across Europe, the sector accounts for turnover of €4 billion and employs around 25,000 people, with epoxies being present in many different products across the sector.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The amount of money taken as sales transacted in a given period."
],
"id": "en-turnover-en-noun-c8H1TbGr",
"links": [
[
"amount",
"amount"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "51 13 11 4 10 2 2 2 6",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"roman": "šrǰanaṙutʻyun",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"word": "շրջանառություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 13 11 4 10 2 2 2 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "oborót",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "оборо́т"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 13 11 4 10 2 2 2 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "língshòu'é",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"word": "零售額 /零售额"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 13 11 4 10 2 2 2 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "yíngyè'é",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"word": "營業額 /营业额"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 13 11 4 10 2 2 2 6",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "omsætning"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 13 11 4 10 2 2 2 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "omzet"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 13 11 4 10 2 2 2 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zakencijfer"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 13 11 4 10 2 2 2 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"word": "liikevaihto"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 13 11 4 10 2 2 2 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chiffre d'affaires"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 13 11 4 10 2 2 2 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Umsatz"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 13 11 4 10 2 2 2 6",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"roman": "makhzór",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "מחזור"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 13 11 4 10 2 2 2 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"word": "giro d'affari"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 13 11 4 10 2 2 2 6",
"alt": "とりひきだか",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "torihiki-daka",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"word": "取引高"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 13 11 4 10 2 2 2 6",
"alt": "營業利益",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "yeong'eop iik",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"word": "영업 이익"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 13 11 4 10 2 2 2 6",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "omsetning"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 13 11 4 10 2 2 2 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "obrót"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 13 11 4 10 2 2 2 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "przychód"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 13 11 4 10 2 2 2 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "movimento"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 13 11 4 10 2 2 2 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "tovarooborót",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "товарооборо́т"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 13 11 4 10 2 2 2 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "oborót",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "оборо́т"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 13 11 4 10 2 2 2 6",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "promet"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 13 11 4 10 2 2 2 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cifra de negocios"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 13 11 4 10 2 2 2 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "omsättning"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 13 11 4 10 2 2 2 6",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "óbih",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "о́біг"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 13 11 4 10 2 2 2 6",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"word": "doanh thu"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
19
]
],
"text": "High staff-turnover can lead to low morale amongst employees.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
36,
44
]
],
"text": "Job dissatisfaction results in high turnover.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
29,
37
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],
"text": "Those apartments have a high turnover because they are too close to the railroad tracks.",
"type": "example"
},
{
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262,
270
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"ref": "2015 July 29, Carville G. Bevans et al., “Phylogeny of the Vitamin K 2,3-Epoxide Reductase (VKOR) Family and Evolutionary Relationship to the Disulfide Bond Formation Protein B (DsbB) Family”, in Nutrients, volume 7, →DOI, archived from the original on 23 Mar 2025:",
"text": "In the case of pathological hypercoagulative conditions such as thrombosis and embolism, 4-hydroxycoumarin based oral anticoagulants, including warfarin as a well-known example, are administered to block the enzymatic function of VKORC1, effectively diminishing turnover of the vitamin K cycle.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The frequency with which stock is replaced after being used or sold, workers leave and are replaced, a property changes hands, etc."
],
"id": "en-turnover-en-noun-T~b41BsE",
"links": [
[
"stock",
"stock"
],
[
"worker",
"worker"
],
[
"property",
"property"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "pasty"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 6 52 4 8 5 2 3 8",
"sense": "a pastry of a filling enclosed in a folded crust",
"word": "fritter"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 6 52 4 8 5 2 3 8",
"sense": "a pastry of a filling enclosed in a folded crust",
"word": "rissole"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
30,
38
]
],
"text": "They only served me one apple turnover for breakfast.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A semicircular pastry made by turning one half of a circular crust over the other, enclosing the filling (such as fruit)."
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "hand pie"
}
],
"id": "en-turnover-en-noun-lwtZRNPO",
"links": [
[
"semicircular",
"semicircular"
],
[
"pastry",
"pastry"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 1 85 1 2 1 1 2 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "pastry",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "panada"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 85 1 2 1 1 2 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "pastry",
"word": "piiras"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 85 1 2 1 1 2 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "pastry",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chausson"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 85 1 2 1 1 2 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "pastry",
"word": "rożek francuski"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 85 1 2 1 1 2 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "pastry",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "empanada"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 85 1 2 1 1 2 2",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "pastry",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pasten"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sports",
"orig": "en:Sports",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
40,
48
]
],
"text": "The Nimrods committed another dismaying turnover en route to another humiliating loss.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
23
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[
15,
24
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[
242,
250
]
],
"ref": "2019 October 19, Robert Kitson, “England into World Cup semi-finals after bruising victory over Australia”, in The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, archived from the original on 24 Jul 2020:",
"text": "Australia’s 18 turnovers were a costly case of self-harm. So, too, were the two interception tries that ultimately wrecked any chance of Michael Cheika’s side ending their recent grim sequence against the Poms. […] Slick use of the resulting turnover ball gave Koroibete the space to burn off Daly, only the third try England have so far conceded in this tournament.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A loss of possession of the ball without scoring."
],
"id": "en-turnover-en-noun-JUpxSncX",
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sports) A loss of possession of the ball without scoring."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 14 11 28 7 5 3 7 18",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"word": "omzet"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 11 28 7 5 3 7 18",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "verloop"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 11 28 7 5 3 7 18",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"word": "käive"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 11 28 7 5 3 7 18",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"word": "liikevaihto"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 11 28 7 5 3 7 18",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"word": "kiertonopeus"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 11 28 7 5 3 7 18",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"tags": [
"general",
"masculine"
],
"word": "taux de renouvellement/taux de remplacement"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 11 28 7 5 3 7 18",
"code": "de",
"english": "labor turnover only",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"translation": "labor turnover only",
"word": "Fluktuation"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 11 28 7 5 3 7 18",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "turnover"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 11 28 7 5 3 7 18",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rotazione"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 11 28 7 5 3 7 18",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "wymiana"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 11 28 7 5 3 7 18",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rotacja"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 11 28 7 5 3 7 18",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rotatividade"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 11 28 7 5 3 7 18",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "oborót",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "оборо́т"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 11 28 7 5 3 7 18",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "tekúčestʹ",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "теку́честь"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 11 28 7 5 3 7 18",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"word": "movimiento de mercancías"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 11 28 7 5 3 7 18",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rotación"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 11 28 7 5 3 7 18",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rotación laboral"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 11 28 7 5 3 7 18",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"note": "of staff, employees",
"roman": "pĺynnistʹ kádriv",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пл́инність кáдрів"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 5 3 71 4 2 2 3 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "greška",
"sense": "loss of ball",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "грешка"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 5 3 71 4 2 2 3 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "loss of ball",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pèrdua de possessió"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 5 3 71 4 2 2 3 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "loss of ball",
"word": "pallonmenetys"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 5 3 71 4 2 2 3 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "loss of ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Turnover"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 5 3 71 4 2 2 3 4",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"sense": "loss of ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "balltap"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 5 3 71 4 2 2 3 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "perexvát",
"sense": "loss of ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "перехва́т"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A measure of leg speed: the frequency with which one takes strides when running, typically given in strides per minute."
],
"id": "en-turnover-en-noun-BENSK-Up",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
10
]
],
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "a turnover in leadership",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An act or process of turning something over."
],
"id": "en-turnover-en-noun-IwTXdBmC",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
14
]
],
"text": "a bad turnover in a carriage",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The act or result of overturning something; an upset."
],
"id": "en-turnover-en-noun-Q1xV9IIL",
"links": [
[
"overturn",
"overturn"
],
[
"upset",
"upset"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 6 2 3 5 16 55 4 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "prekaturvane",
"sense": "act of overturning something",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "прекатурване"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 2 3 5 16 55 4 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "act of overturning something",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "omdraaiing"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 2 3 5 16 55 4 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "act of overturning something",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "omdraaien"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 2 3 5 16 55 4 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "act of overturning something",
"word": "kääntäminen"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 2 3 5 16 55 4 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "act of overturning something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "renversement"
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-turnover.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"roman": "šrǰanaṙutʻyun",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"word": "շրջանառություն"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "oborót",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "оборо́т"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "língshòu'é",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"word": "零售額 /零售额"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "yíngyè'é",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"word": "營業額 /营业额"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "omsætning"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "omzet"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zakencijfer"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"word": "liikevaihto"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chiffre d'affaires"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Umsatz"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"roman": "makhzór",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "מחזור"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"word": "giro d'affari"
},
{
"alt": "とりひきだか",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "torihiki-daka",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"word": "取引高"
},
{
"alt": "營業利益",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "yeong'eop iik",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"word": "영업 이익"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "omsetning"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "obrót"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "przychód"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "movimento"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "tovarooborót",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "товарооборо́т"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "oborót",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "оборо́т"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "promet"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cifra de negocios"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "omsättning"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "óbih",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "о́біг"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "sales transacted",
"word": "doanh thu"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"word": "omzet"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "verloop"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"word": "käive"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"word": "liikevaihto"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"word": "kiertonopeus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"tags": [
"general",
"masculine"
],
"word": "taux de renouvellement/taux de remplacement"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "labor turnover only",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"translation": "labor turnover only",
"word": "Fluktuation"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "turnover"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rotazione"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "wymiana"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rotacja"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rotatividade"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "oborót",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "оборо́т"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "tekúčestʹ",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "теку́честь"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"word": "movimiento de mercancías"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rotación"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rotación laboral"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"note": "of staff, employees",
"roman": "pĺynnistʹ kádriv",
"sense": "rate of change or replacement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пл́инність кáдрів"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "pastry",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "panada"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "pastry",
"word": "piiras"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "pastry",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chausson"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "pastry",
"word": "rożek francuski"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "pastry",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "empanada"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "pastry",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pasten"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "greška",
"sense": "loss of ball",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "грешка"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "loss of ball",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pèrdua de possessió"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "loss of ball",
"word": "pallonmenetys"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "loss of ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Turnover"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"sense": "loss of ball",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "balltap"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "perexvát",
"sense": "loss of ball",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "перехва́т"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "prekaturvane",
"sense": "act of overturning something",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "прекатурване"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "act of overturning something",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "omdraaiing"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "act of overturning something",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "omdraaien"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "act of overturning something",
"word": "kääntäminen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "act of overturning something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "renversement"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "act of overturning something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vorco"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "act of overturning something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "envorco"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "act of overturning something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tombo"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "act of overturning something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rouceo"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "act of overturning something",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Überschlagen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "act of overturning something",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Überkopfgehen"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "act of overturning something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "scombussolamento"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "perevorót",
"sense": "act of overturning something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "переворо́т"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "oprokídyvanije",
"sense": "act of overturning something",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "опроки́дывание"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "act of overturning something",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vuelco"
}
],
"word": "turnover"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English deverbals",
"English entries referencing missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English phrasal nouns",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Desserts"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"turn over",
"turn over#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":deverbal",
"3": "turn over",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#deverbal|Deverbal]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"turn over\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"deverbal\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"turnover\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"turnover\">\nDeverbal from turn over.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Deverbal from turn over.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "turnover (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a turnover collar"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
90,
98
]
],
"ref": "1922, Women's Wear, Toronto, volume 6, page 51:",
"text": "Chamoisette glove samples for spring show some very swagger styles with gauntlet tops and turnover cuffs piped and embroidered with harmonious contrasts.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Capable of being turned over; designed to be turned over."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɝnoʊvɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-turnover.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-turnover.ogg/En-us-turnover.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-turnover.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"word": "turnover"
}
Download raw JSONL data for turnover meaning in All languages combined (20.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.